BS”D
Suka 14b
Teves 14, 5781. December 29, 2020
1- גזירת תקרה.
We continued with the topic of covering a Sukkah with planks of wood.
Reb Yehuda allows using planks, whereas Reb Meir does not because of גזירת תקרה, meaning that if a Sukkah where the סכך is made of plywood was כשר, one may think that since his house is also covered with plywood so why not remain at home and declare it a Sukkah!
Rav’s opinion is that Reb Yehuda allows planks of wood to cover the entire Sukkah. He does not agree with גזירת תקרה . So one could indeed place plywood boards over the entire Sukkah. Reb Meir prohibits it if is wider than 4 טפחים – about 12.5 inches.
Shmuel’s opinion is that all agree to פסל if the planks are wider than 4 טפחים. The argument between Reb Yehuda and Reb Meir is if the boards are between 3-4 טפחים.
2- Our Gemara quotes 2 Beraisos one supporting Rav’s opinion the other Shmuel’s.
3- What about placing the planks upright – not flat? The boards only cover the Suka with their thin width.
2 opinions. The one that prohibits it says ‘these planks are like spits of steel’. Meaning that once the חכמים ruled that planks (which in reality are perfectly Kosher סכך just like evergreen branches), are פסול, using them in any fashion is פסול as well. נעשו כשפודין של מתכת
We discussed this opinion that prohibits placing the planks upright. Does that mean
a -that they are considered as lying flat, thus it is סכך פסול.
Or
b – perhaps it means that each one of these planks in itself does not create סכך פסול since it is not 4 Tefochim in width. What it means is that each one of such planks can combine with another to create an area of 4 Tefochim of סכך פסול.
4- נעשו כשפודין של מתכת.
We mentioned the Rebbe using this concept in numerous places.
. תענית בכורות בערב פסח. LKS 17, 66.
When the first day of Pesach occurs on a Sunday the fast is ‘pushed back’ to Thursday. If someone forgets to fast on Thursday, can he make up and fast on Friday?
Perhaps not as some opinions say. Why?
Using the example of the גזירת תקרה, disallowing the use of boards, the boards become סכך פסול in any fashion even if placed in a way that it does not lie flat on the Suka.
Similarly, when the Chachomim moved the fast from Friday to Thursday, Friday is not considered a fast day at all.
See Likkutei Sichos Vol 19, Devarim (5), p 30 and Vol 30 and 135 for other examples using this concept.
5- We discussed a topic mentioned in the past.
This idea of the נתיבות, Toras Chesed – and – Reb Yosef Engel ( אתוון דאורייתא כלל י, כב ) that as opposed to something that is prohibited Min HaTorah where the actual item (such as food) is prohibited, when something is prohibited only MideRabbanan the prohibition is only on the person. It does not make the item itself an Issur.
תעודת הכשר מהגר”י ענגיל ע”ה – קראקא תרע”ג
Based on this idea, for example, if one unintentionally eats something that is prohibited only MidRabanan. it would not be considered eating something treif!
בשר עוף בחלב – מדרבנן
We mentioned that the Alter Rebbe in Tanya (8) seems to disagree with this idea.
שאף מי שאכל מאכל איסור בלא הודע לשם שמים לעבוד ה’ בכח אכילה ההיא וגם פעל ועשה כן וקרא והתפלל בכח אכילה ההיא אין החיות שבה עולה ומתלבשת בתיבות התורה והתפלה כמו ההיתר מפני איסורה בידי הס”א משלש קליפות הטמאות ואפי’ הוא איסור דרבנן שחמורים דברי סופרים יותר מדברי תורה כו