Shiur Shkolim 17b (2) 28 Teves, 5785 – 1/27/25

BSD
Shkolim 17b (2)
28 Teves, 5785 – 1/27/2025

1- We began הלכה ו that describes the 13 tables that were in the בית המקדש.

● 8 marble tables for the rinsing of the קרבנות

The Temple Institute - More Golden Grapevines were hung just inside the Sanctuary entrance, in the Sanctuary antechamber, known as the Ulam. One kohen can be seen affixing new golden leaves onto
● 1- marble table (next to the ramp) for the preparation of the placing the קרבנות On the מזבח.
● 1- silver table (next to the ramp) to place the 93 כלים needed for the עבודה. (see תמיד).
● 1 – gold table near the door to the היכל to place the removed לחם הפנים.
● 1- marble table near the door to the היכל to place the fresh לחם הפנים prior to placing them on the שלחן.
● 1- the gold שולחן that the לחם הפנים were placed onto for 7 days.

2- The משנה offers the reason for the marble and gold table used for the preparation and the removal of the fresh and old לחם הפנים.
The marble for the fresh ones – מעלין בקודש. It will be a step up from the marble table to the שולחן which was made of gold.

קנבס שולחן לחם הפנים | מכון המקדש

The gold one for the לחם הפנים that was removed. It needed to be gold since ולא מורידין.

3- We discussed the famous question of the מנחת חינוך – מצוה צז.

כיון דלחה”פ היו מונחים בדפוסים שהם קערות והם כלי שרת והיו של זהב, היאך בכניסתו להיכל היו מניחין אותו על שלחן של כסף ? והלא אין מורידין. ומה יועיל מה שאח”כ יעלה, הלא עתה מורידין. והי’ ראוי להיות ג”כ שלחן של זהב כי בשוה שרי כמו ביציאתו

The לחם הפנים were baked in gold forms called קערותיו, which were a כלי שרת. So placing them on a marble table is a ‘downgrade’! (See  previous Shiur, Tosfos Sukkah 48b ).

And if the placing them on the marble table was done while still in their golden forms, and therefore not called ‘downgrading’ (because they are still in their gold forms), then where is the ‘upgrading’ when removing them from the gold forms unto the gold שולחן? He concludes that the forms were not a כלי שרת and the bread was not נתקדש.

4- Mentioned the answer of Reb Meir Shapiro אור המאיר סימן ז. He suggests that the idea of מַּעֲלִין בַּקֹּדֶשׁ וְלֹא מוֹרִידִין is only when the item reaches its final stage.

Like when removing the לחם הפנים. Since all week it was on a gold table, it cannot be placed on a silver or marble table since placing it there is its final location as bread. [It was distributed after taking it out of the היכל].

מכון לחם הפנים

However, when the bread was placed in the gold forms for baking it is in the process of reaching its final destination – which is the gold שולחן. So placing it temporarily on a marble table is not considered ‘downgrading – מורידין’.

5 – Discussed the oft quoted ט”ז about מַּעֲלִין בַּקֹּדֶשׁ וְלֹא מוֹרִידִין who suggests a wide ranging and new interpretation.

The issue is placing ספרים inside an ארון קודש, even temporarily.

Aron Kodesh

Now when there a ספר תורה inside the ארון  it is a not problem since it is not a downgrade for the ארון since the תורה is still there.

כתב רש״ל נראה דאין קרוי הורדה מקדושה אם מניחין שאר ספרים בארון אצל ס״ת דהא עדיין בקדושתו קאי ותדע שהרי העולם נהגו להניח בארון יריעות פסולים וה״ה חומשים ושאר ספרים.

However, when there is no ספר תורה in the ארון:
אכן צ״ע היכא שהוציאו ס״ת ממנו אם יכולין להניח בתוכו שאר ספרים דמאחר דלית ביה ס״ת הוה הורדה מקדושה לפי שעה או לא עכ״ל

He quotes his father-in-law, the ב”ח, that says that even a temporary downgrade is not permitted.

Therefore he disapproves the מנהג of placing a candle inside the ארון קודש on הושענא רבה when all the ס”ת are removed. Unless the rational is that the candle is in honor of the תורה that were removed. But he doesn’t accept this reason.

ולפ״ז לא יפה עושים קצת שביום הושענא רבה שמוציאין כל ס״ת ושמים שם נר דולק והוי דופן ארון הקודש תשמיש לאותו נר. אלא שי״ל כיון שעושין כן לכבוד התורה לסי׳ תורה אור דהיינו רמז בזה כשאין שם ס״ת צריך לאור הנר. אבל אין זה מספיק כיון שיש איסור להוריד הקדושה של הארון

He continues that all the above is if the ארון קודש is in good condition and is still used as a proper ארון קודש.

If however it has degraded to a point that is not used anymore for ספרי תורה, then he suggest that there is no issue to use it for ספרים.

[We mentioned an example – an ארון קודש that reached a point that it is not fitting for ס”ת and a new one was purchased. Can the old one be used in the Shul library as a bookcase for a ש”ס or any other ספרי קודש?]

‘For the idea of מַּעֲלִין בַּקֹּדֶשׁ וְלֹא מוֹרִידִין is only if the item can still be used for its original ‘higher’ קדושה. Such as a proper and still functioning ארון קודש cannot be used as a bookcase .
If the ארון קודש has lost it luster and cannot be used any more, the on the contrary, rather than discarding it (גניזה) or keeping it empty, its advisable to use it for another קדושה even if it is a ‘downgrade’.

ולולי דמסתפינא אמינא מילתא חדתא דהא דאמרי׳ בהנך מילי דאסור לעשות מקדושה גדולה קדושה קלה היינו כ״ז שראוי׳ לקדושה גדולה. אבל אם אינה ראויה לזה רק לקלה, טפי עדיף שיעשו בה לכל הפחות קדושה קלה ממה שתהיה פנוי׳ ותגנז ………..עדיף טפי לעשו׳ בה תשמיש קדוש׳ להחזיק בה ספרים ממה שתהיה פנויה לגמרי בלי קדושה כלל.

6 – The גמרא discusses the reason for a marble table to place the fresh לחם הפנים prior to placing them on the שלחן. Why not silver or even gold?

The answer is that a metal table would cause the bread to warm up and go stale.

The Golden Table - Bible History

[We didn’t fully grasp this since the bread was warm anyway, if it was baked Shabbos morning מנחות צה, ב].

The גמרא asks: didn’t the לחם הפנים miraculously remain warm all week anyway? So what’s ‘another small miracle’ if it were to be placed temporarily on a metal table?

The גמרא answers that אין סומכין על הנס.

זֶה אֶחָד מִן הַנִּיסִּים שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּ בְבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ. כְּשֵׁם שֶׁהָיוּ מַנִּיחִין אוֹתוֹ חוֹם כָּךְ הָיוּ מוֹצִיאין אוֹתוֹ חוֹם. [שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר] לָשׁוּם לֶחֶם חוֹם כְּיוֹם הִלָּקְחוֹ. רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אָמַר. אֵין מַזְכִּירִין מַעֲשֶׂה נִיסִּים.

7 – Short points:
● The source that the לחם הפנים was warm all week is from the story of אחימלך giving the לחם הפנים to דוד המלך.
● We discussed the sage of דוד המלך and his constant fear and escapes from שאול המלך.
● Story of מחר חודש.
● His escape to גת and acting like a deranged fellow. Writing graffiti on the gates of the city.
● משוגעים in the king’s palace. חֲסַר מְשֻׁגָּעִים אָנִי כִּי הֲבֵאתֶם אֶת זֶה לְהִשְׁתַּגֵּעַ עָלָי הֲזֶה יָבוֹא אֶל בֵּיתִי.
● His visit to נוב, which replaced שילה as the place of the משכן for 13 years.
● His receiving the לחם הפנים and the sword he used to slay גלית.

David takes the sword of Goliath – Historical articles and illustrationsHistorical articles and illustrations | Look and Learn
● The retribution of שאול on the כהנים of נוב and the ultimate punishment for this.
● The tragic story with דואג האדומי, the actual slayer of the כהנים.

The Doeg Days of David | Loving the Word with the MudPreacher
● בְּבוֹא דּוֹאֵג הָאֲדֹמִי וַיַּגֵּד לְשָׁאוּל וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ בָּא דָוִד אֶל בֵּית אֲחִימֶלֶךְ.

גלגל 14
שילה 369
נוב 13
גבעון 44
——————————
מנחת חינוך צז. איך הורידו מהקערות של זהב לשולחן של כסף/שיש?
אם לא שנאמר שהקערות לא קידשו. אם התנור מקדשן, מנחות צה, ב
אור המאיר, רמ”ש, ז. שמעלין הוא רק בגמר המצוה.
מעלין בקודש מה”ת או מדרבנן.
ט”ד קנד, ז. דווקא אם אפשר להשתמש בו בקדושה העליונה.
מהרש”ם ד, נז. לשים ספרים בארון שבלה.
רד”ק. נוב עיר שכולה כהנים. תרומה. אבל לחה”פ אחרי הקטרת הבזיכין אין בהם מעילה.

Shiur Shkolim Shkolim 17a (2) – b – 14 Teves, 5785 – 1/14/25

BSD 

Shkolim 17a (2) – b 

14 Teves, 5785 – 1/14/25

1- We reviewed the topic of last week about the Atlantic Ocean overflowing to the ‘Barbary Coast and Calabria’. 

Atlantic flooding through strait of Gibraltar into Mediterranean

2- Our גמרא continues that the water of the miraculous river (last week’s Shiur) will ‘heal’ other seas. 

 

 

3- Spoke about an interesting idea from 

1801-1877 ליטש-רוזנבוים, משה ליב בן יהודה,

in his ספר – מתא דירושלים.

When Moshiach comes, how will Chazir be allowed? The healed waters will allow the Shibuta, which has no spine, to swim back against the current, which tastes like pork…

4- This פרק/הלכה concludes with explanation of the gate named שער יכניה.

אַתְּ מוֹצֵא. בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁעָלָה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר לְכָאן בָּא וְיָשַׁב לוֹ בְדִיפְנֵי שֶׁלְאַנְטִוֹכִיָּה וְיָצָאָה סַנְהֶדְרִין גְּדוֹלָה לִקְרָאתוֹ וְאָמְרָה לוֹ. הִגִּיעַ זְמַן הַבַּיִת הַזֶּה לִיחָרֵב. אָמַר לָהֶן. אוֹתוֹ שֶׁהִמְלַכְתִּי אוֹתוֹ עֲלֵיכֶם תְּנוּהוּ לִי וַאֲנִי הוֹלֵךְ לִי. בָּאוּ וְאָמְרוּ לִיהוֹיָכִין מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה. נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר בָּעֵי לָךְ. כֵּיוָן שֶׁשָּׁמַע מֵהֶן כָּךְ נָטַל מַפְתֵּיחוֹת שֶׁלְבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ. עָלָה לְגַגּוֹ שֶׁלְהֵיכָל. אָמַר לָפָנָיו. רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁלְעוֹלָם. לִכְשֶׁעָבַר הָיִינוּ נֶאֱמָנִין לָךְ וְהָיוּ מַפְתֵּיחוֹתֵיךָמְסוּרִין לָנוּ. עַכְשָׁיו שֶׁאֵין אָנוּ נֶאֱמָנִין הֲרֵי מַפְתֵּיחוֹתֵיךָ מְסוּרִין לָךְ. תְּרֵין אֲמוֹרִין. חַד אָמַר. זְרָקָן וְעוֹד לֹא יָרְדוּ. וְחוֹרָנָה אָמַר. רָאָה כְמִין יָד נוֹטַלְּתַן מִיָּדוֹ. כֵּיוָן שֶׁרָאוּ כָּל חוֹרֵי יְהוּדָה כֵן עָלוּ לְרֹאשׁ גַּגּוֹתֵיהֶן וְנָפְלוּ וָמֵתוּ. הָדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב מַשָּׂא גֵּיא חִיזָּיוֹן מַה לָּךְ אֵיפוֹא כִּי עָלִית כּוּלָּךְלַגַּגּוֹת. תְּשֻׁאוֹת מְלֵאָה עִיר הוֹמִיָּה וגו׳.

Antioch - The Silk Road

You are finding that when Nebuchadnezzar campaigned here, he came and sat in Daphne of Antioch. The Great Sanhedrin went to him and said to him, did the time come that this House be destroyed? He said to them, give me the one which I made king over you and I will depart. They came and said to Jehoiachin, the king of Judea, Nebuchadnezzar wants you. When he heard this from them, he took the keys of the Temple and climbed to the roof of the Temple. He said before Him: Master of the world! In the past we were trustworthy for You and Your keys were handed to us. Now that we are not trustworthy for You, Your keys are handed to You. Two Amoraim, One said, he threw them upwards and they never returned.

Hobbitenango, Guatemala (Photos, Review & 2025 Guide)

The other said, He saw that something like a hand came and took them from him. When all the freeholders of Yehudah heard this, they climbed to the tops of their roofs, fell down, and died. That is what is written3, Saying about the valley of vision: Why are you doing this, that you climbed on all roofs, the noisy, full, humming city.

 

We touched on the following subjects.

A- We’re the סנהדרין justified in turning יכניה over to נבוכדנצר?

2 Kings 24 | Bible Teaching Notes

B- Is suicide ‘permitted’ in extra ordinary occasions? 

Rhineland massacres - Wikipedia

Crusade of 1096

 

 

Shiur Shkolim 17a – 7 Teves, 5785 – 1/7/25

BSD
Shkolim 17a
7 Teves, 5785 – 1/07/2025

1- We reviewed some points of last week regarding the 13 locations where one would make a השתחווה inside the עזרה and the connection to the חשמונאים.

2- The next section in the גמרא is very cryptic, esoteric and mysterious. We’re still searching for an explanation as to its meaning. A similar version appears also in the בבלי יומא.

Basically, 3 נביאים prophesied about a phenomenon that will occur in the future.

Image of

In short: From inside the קודש הקדשים, a thin stream of water will begin to flow. It will exit the היכל, into the עזרה, pass the מזבח and continue its way out thru the שער המים. (Gate #4 on the south side as mentioned in our Mishna).

From there it will flow North to a sea called Sumcho, then turn South into the כנרת, flow from there to the ים המלח and from there to the ‘ocean’.

[Every once in a while rumors swirl about a stream of water seen coming out of the הר הבית.
נזכה ונחי’ ונראה]

3 – Our גמרא, without explaining the meaning of this stream and its route, discusses various aspects of this stream.

First, that it is an ever widening stream. Starting as a thin sliver of water and expanding until, once in the ocean, it becomes a wide and turbulent river. So mighty is this river, that at that point large boats will be unable to navigate across it.

Secondly, the גמרא discusses the depth of this stream/river.

Finally, the גמרא discusses the water itself. At its source it’s considered water from a מעין.

מעין חיים – ברכי נפשי

The difference להלכה pertains to the various טומאות, some of which require a מעין. A מעין is כשר even while flowing.

However, along the circuitous route of this miraculous river, other sources, such as rain water, are mixed into this stream. It’s is still Kosher for טבילה but may need to be in a מקוה.

4 – Here we encounter a fascinating גמרא.

We prefaced 2 points about the Mediterranean Sea.
ארץ ישראל is on the most Eastern section of the Mediterranean.

A – The Barbary Coast. The coastal regions of central and western North Africa, which is on the Southern side of this sea stretching from Libya to Morocco.

Vleeptron_Z: Vleeptron promised you PIRATES!!! and Vleeptron DELIVERS! Earth got big pirate troubles again! Send in the Marines! (or maybe don't send in the Marines)

The Barbary Coast (also Barbary, Berbery, or Berber Coast) was the name given to the coastal regions of central and western North Africa or more specifically the Maghreb and the Ottoman borderlands consisting of the regencies in Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, as well as the Sultanate of Morocco from the 16th to 19th centuries. The term originates from an exonym for the Berbers.

barbary.png

B – At the northern part of the Mediterranean Sea are the countries of Turkey, Greece, Italy, France Spain and Portugal.
Italy juts out like a boot into this ocean. In the Southern part of Italy is the famous region (at least for Chabad) called Calabria.

Now, the last part of the prophecy relating to this water flowing from inside the בית קודש הקדשים, states that it will reach the ‘outgoing sea’. This is referring to the Atlantic Ocean that connects to the Mediterranean at the Straits of Gibraltar.

But why is the Atlantic Ocean called the ‘outgoing (or outpouring sea)’?

The גמרא explains, as Rashi quotes it in Chumash (end of פרשת נח and פרשת האזינו), the Atlantic overflowed the land area that is now the Mediterranean Sea!

וגם אחרי כן – אף על פי שראו באובדן של דור אנוש, שעלה אוקיינוס והציף שליש העולם, לא נכנע דור המבול ללמד מהם.

In other words, during the era of אנוש and the דור הפלגה, a full one third of the human population lived on the dry area of where the Mediterranean Sea is today. This flood (‘outgoing sea’) was a punishment that wiped out ⅓ the world’s people due to their immoral behavior. See interesting discussion here.

This tsunami happened twice. Once during the times of אנוש (as Rashi writes). The second time was during the דור הפלגה (as our גמרא has it).

MAP: Mediterranean tsunami threatens 130MILLION and would leave large areas underwater | Weather | News | Express.co.uk

At the first time the flood reached the Calabria region. The second time it reached the Barbary Coast.

Image of

Here is the Rashi:

וגם אחרי כן – אף על פי שראו באובדן של דור אנוש, שעלה אוקיינוס והציף שליש העולם
בינו שנות דור ודר – דרב אנוש שהציף עליהם אוקיינוס

  • Our גמרא describes the route of the river until it reaches the Atlantic and the ‘double flood’.
    [Samchu, Kineret, Dead Sea and the Atlantic]
    וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי הַמַּיִם הָאֵלֶּה יוֹצְאִים אֶל הַגְּלִילָה הַקַּדְמוֹנָה זֶה יַם שֶׁלְסַמְכו.
    וְיָרְדוּ עַל הָעֲרָבָה זֶה יַם שֶׁלְטִיבֵּרִיָּא.
    וּבָאוּ הַיָּמָּה זֶה יַם הַמֶּלַח.
    אֶל הַיָּמָּה הַמּוּצָאִים זֶה הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל.
    וְלָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ הַמּוֹצָאִים. כְּנֶגֵד שְׁנֵי פְעָמִים שֶׁיָּצָא. אֶחָד בְּדוֹר אֱנוֹשׁ וְאֶחָד בְּדוֹר פְּלָגָה.
    רִבִּי לָעְזְר בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי חֲנִינָה. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה יָצְא עַד קַלַבְּרִיָה וּבַשְׁנִייָה יָצָא עַד קֵפֵי בֶּרְבֶּרִיָה.

It is written: He said to me, these waters flow out to the Eastern district, this is Lake *Samchonitis, and descends to the lowlands, this is Lake Tiberias, and comes to the sea, this is the Salt Sea, the sea of outgoing water, this is the Great Sea. [Atlantic] And why is it called the sea of outgoing water? For the two times it came out, once in the generation of Enosh, and once in the generation of the Dispersal.
Rebbi Eleazar in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina: The first time it went out up to Calabria, the second time it went to the Capes of Barbary

*Later known as Lake Huleh, then drained in the 1950s, today the Hula Valley

Map-Hula-Valley – TwoHawksNYC

5- The גמרא continues that Reb Eliezer says that the second time it reached ארץ ישראל!

Does that mean that prior to דור אנוש there was no Western coastline in ארץ ישראל? Landlocked?

Image of

רִבִּי לָעְזְר בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי חֲנִינָה. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה יָצְא עַד קַלַבְּרִיָה וּבַשְׁנִייָה יָצָא עַד קֵפֵי בֶּרְבֶּרִיָה. רִבִּי אָחָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חֲנִינָה. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה יָצְא עַד קֵפֵי בֶּרְבֶּרִיָה וּבַשְׁנִייָה יָצָא עַד עַכּוֹ וְעַד יָפוֹ. עַד פֹּה תָבוֹא וְלֹא תוֹסִיף. עַד עַכּוֹ תָבוֹא וְלֹא תוֹסִיף.

To be continued at the next Shiur BL”N.

6 – We discussed the issue with the 2 ברכות mentioned in the משנה in ברכות.
When one sees mountains, hills, seas, rivers, and deserts one says the ברכה:

עושה מעשה בראשית - נוסח הברכה ומתי מברכים | פרשת יהדות
בָּרוּךְ עוֹשֵׂה מַעֲשֵׂה בְרֵאשִׁית.

When one sees the ים הגדול the ברכה is:
בָּרוּךְ שֶׁעָשָׂה אֶת הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל.

Hasidic hi-res stock photography and images - Page 2 - Alamy

So we have regular ‘seas’ and the ‘big ocean’.

What is the ‘big ocean’? The Atlantic or maybe the Mediterranean as well?

See here. מגן אברהם.

Meeting Point Of The Mediterranean Sea And The Atlantic Ocean Stock Photo - Alamy

Now if the Mediterranean was formed after מעשה בראשית, then the ברכה when seeing it (cannot be it בָּרוּךְ עוֹשֵׂה מַעֲשֵׂה בְרֵאשִׁית) so it must be בָּרוּךְ שֶׁעָשָׂה אֶת הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל.

7 – We spoke about the ‘lost city of Atlantis’, a civilization that was flooded over, mentioned by the philosopher Plato.

[For a perspective of when Plato lived: 

Plato was born in 429 BC and lived until 348.

So he was born in the year 3,332 and died 3,412. 

The first בית המקדש was destroyed in year 3338 (422) and began to be rebuilt in year 3408. 

So Plato lived at the time of גלות בבל] 

In the non-Jewish world most people are skeptical about the tale of Atlantis.

The Lost City of Atlantis | What's On Cyprus

Every few years we hear about a ‘find’ in the Mediterranean proving the existence of a lost civilization, but they are always Barber Maasos.

2011. Lost city of Atlantis believed found off Spain

A U.S.-led research team may have finally located the lost city of Atlantis, the legendary metropolis believed swamped by a tsunami thousands of years ago, in mud flats in southern Spain.

Whether they locate it or not is irrelevant.

We live with the words of חכמינו זכרונם לברכה.

 

 

 

 

Shiur Shkolim 16b (3) – 17a 30 Chanukah, Kislev, 5785 12/31/24

BSD
Shkolim 16b (3) – 17a
30 Kislev, 5785. 12/31/2024

1 – We concluded הלכה א of the 6th chapter.

A brief summary:

● We reviewed how the משנה and גמרא digressed from the 13 שופרות or Pushkes that were in the בית המקדש (topic of מסכת שקלים) to the 13 tables in the מקדש (as we will learn in הלכה ג) to the 13 locations were people would perform a השתחווה.

● Speaking of bowing down 13 times the משנה mentioned the בית רבן גמליאל that would bow down a 14th time when passing the לשכת העצים due their tradition that the ארון was buried there.

● Speaking of the ארון the גמרא digresses to the current location of the ארון (under the קודש הקדשים, under the לשכת העצים or in בבל). It then moved on to ‘how many ארונות there were’. (1 or 2).

● From there it moved on to the topic of why and who hid the ארון. (King יאשיהו who feared it would be captured by the Babylonians), He also hid the שמן המשחה.

אבי הראל: שמן משחת קודש | ייצור ידע

● Speaking of the שמן המשחה the גמרא discusses how this anointing oil was produced. (Spices cooked in oil or first cooked in water then soaked with oil).

● From there it digressed to the anointing the כהנים and מלכים with this oil. (Who was anointed. Only מלכי בית דוד when the appointment of the king was contested. מלכי ישראל were always [and מלכי בית דוד after it was hidden] anointed with שמן אפרסמון.

● It moved along to the measurements of the ארון (Is an אמה 5 or 6 טפחים?)

● From there to the big topic of what exactly was placed inside the ארון. (Second לוחות only or also the broken pieces of the first set as well).

● Discussed the shape of the לוחות. Our ירושלמי (rectangular לוחות) vs the בבלי (square לוחות).

● It then moved on to the construction of the ארון. (Three boxes or just one wooden one plated with gold). Discussed the need for the height of the ארון to be taller than the actual height of the לוחות. (Radvaz)

The Temple Institute - The model of the Ark of the Covenant can be seen in the Temple Institute's Holy Temple Visitors Center in Jerusalem's Old City. | Facebook

● Speaking of the לוחות it digressed to discussing how the עשרת הדברות were written on the two tablets. (10, 20 or 40 times). The topic of the letters engraved ‘thru and thru’. (Forward or in reverse).

● Finally, to the ספר תורה that was inside the קודש הקדשים . (inside the ארון or outside on a box or shelf).

● Discussed if this ספר תורה was ever removed from the ארון or קודש הקדשים .  (Rashi vs Tosfos).

There were many more topics…the above summary is just an overview of the major points of discussion.

2- We began הלכה ב where the משנה discusses the 13 locations of the 13 השתחוייות. The משנה stated that these 13 locations correspond to the 13 שערים that the בית המקדש had.
The גמרא however, says that there are some who say the בית המקדש only had 7 gates.


So where are these 13 locations?

We mentioned that the story of חנוכה is mentioned very rarely on the משנה. In the past, in the name of the חתם סופר, we spoke about רבינו הקדוש the compiler of the משניות who was displeased with the חשמונאים (not being descendants from שבט יהודה) declaring themselves kings. He therefore didn’t create a מסכת חנוכה.

In the גמרא too, besides in מסכת שבת, the חשמונאים are not mentioned many times.

Menorah

בהשגחה פרטית , learning this on חנוכה, our גמרא states:
עַל דָּעְתּוֹן דְּרָבָּנִן אֵיכָן הָיוּ הַהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיּוֹת הַלָלוּ. כַּהִיא דְתַנִּינָן תַּמָּן. וּשְׁלשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה פְרָצוֹת הָיוּ בוֹ שֶׁפְּרָצוּם מַלְכֵי יָווָן. חָזְרוּ וּגְדָרוּם בני חשמונאי וְגָזְרוּ כְּנֶגְדָּן שְׁלשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה הִשְׁתַּחֲוָיוֹת.
In the Rabbis’ opinion, that only 7 gates existed, where were the thirteen prostrations?

As we have stated there: “There were thirteen breaches, where the Greek kings breached it; the חשמונאים came back and closed them and established correspondingly thirteen prostrations.”

See also מדות ב, ג. See a reconciliation of the two opinions (7 or 13 gates) in Tosfos Kesubos 106a – שבעה כנגד ז׳ שערים

The Temple Institute - ALL FLESH SHALL COME TO PROSTRATE THEMSELVES BEFORE ME, SAYS HASHEM Notice the men prostrating themselves on the Temple Mount. With the exception of Yehudah Glick, they are

3- These 13 breaches or breaks were not in the walls of the בית המקדש itself.

Surrounding the walls of the בית המקדש there was a 2′-4’ high stone or wood wall that designated the area beyond which no טמא מת or a אינו יהודי would be be allowed to enter.

הסורג בגובה 10 טפחים

Warning signs in Greek and Latin were posted on this wall advising as such.

Interestingly, 2 such signs survived until today.

שלט אזהרה עשוי אבן - על גבי הסורג.jpg

“No foreigner may enter within the balustrade around the sanctuary and the enclosure. Whoever is caught, on himself shall he put blame for the death which will ensue.”

See here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_Warning_inscription

https://www.timesofisrael.com/ancient-temple-mount-warning-stone-is-closest-thing-we-have-to-the-temple/#:~:text=Written%20in%20Greek%20(no%20Latin,the%20death%20which%20will%20ensue.%E2%80%9D

https://avande1.sites.luc.edu/jerusalem/sources/temple-warning.htm

In Hebrew: Here. Here.

It was in this parapet wall that the Greeks blasted 13 openings to show their displeasure as to their exclusion. When the חשמונאים defeated the Greeks and repaired the break they commemorated this event by establishing 13 points in the בית המקדש where one would prostate himself.

To be continued.

4- The story of the roaming מגיד that had only one דרשה on פרשת קורח…..Tabak Pushkah…

Dry snuff a smokeless tobacco made from ground tobacco leaves popular in the 18th century Stock Photo | Adobe Stock


When was משה רבינו told to build the ארון?

3 opinions:

The command to collect funds and material for the Mishkan.

1- They were told and actually donated right after מתן תורה. Before חטא העגל. Zohar.

2- Both after יום כיפור. Tanchuma.

3 – משה רבינו was told before חטא העגל but he only told them afterwards.

See here:    לקוטי שיחות – ו (שמות)

https://beta.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14929&st=&pgnum=164

וזה לשון הראב״ד ז״ל לוחות ושברי לוחות מונחות בארון זו למעלה מזו השבורות למטה מן השלמות. זהו לפי הגמרא שלנו דקתני הלוחות ארכן ששה ורחבן ששה אבל לפי הגירסא דגרסינן בשקלים בירושלמי הלוחות ארכן ששה ורחבן שלשה יכולות הן לעמוד זו בצד זו בארון וכמה היא נכונה בעיני זאת הגירסא שלא היו יכולות לעמוד זו על גבי זו אלא שיש דמות ראיה לגירסא שלנו שהרי צוה המקום למשה לעשות לו ארון רחב אמה וחצי קודם שנשתברו הלוחות ולשום שם הלוחות ואם לא היו רחבות אלא שלשה טפחים כל זה הרוחב למה גם מפני זה הטעם אמרו ארכן ששה מפני שראו ארכו של ארון אמתים וחצי ואם לא היו ארוכות כל כך למה צוה לעשותו אורך כל זה.